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CCD: The Case for the Cause

Psalm 19: 9-10 (New Living Translation)

Reverence for the Lord is pure, lasting forever. The laws of the Lord are true; each one is fair. They are more desirable than gold, even the finest gold. They are sweeter than honey, even honey dripping from the comb.

 

(Before reading this page, please read the preface to this article on our front page)

Article by James Regan

Copyright Friday, March 28, 2008

All Rights Reserved

(1) CCD - Burts Bees PSA

To Bee or Not to Bee,

is the question.

 

 

After the buzz that was heard last year about the disappearing bees through CCD, the acronym for (1) Colony Collapse Disorder, many theories have concluded that the disorder is connected to cell phones, disease, mites, pesticides, and also global warming. It appears, however, that even after another year of investigation (2) not much has been conclusively determined by the experts as to the root cause of this potentially serious problem. If our own experts aren't able to identify the cause of CCD in a definitive way, there can be little hope of finding an effective and preventative solution to put in motion to produce victory over the problems this poses.

Could it be the answer is an obvious one, right under our nose, displaying itself right in front of our very eyes, but alas, we just can't recognized it yet?

Before we enter into the hive of this great mystery, let's learn about the life cycle of the bee and the role they play in food chain in this video below. I bee-leave you will find it quite interesting. (3)

Show me the Honey!

B. Specific damage and disease states caused by sugar diabetes. Examples of such disease states are renal damage, heart and vascular damage, stroke, Alzheimers, dementia, memory loss, retinal damage, and loss of feeling in nerves.


1-Health News Flash-kidney disease

2-National Diabetes Information (NDIC)

3-Yahoo Health - Blindness

4-Harvard Gazette - Linked to Alzheimers

5- (NDIC) Neuropathies

6-Patent Storm - Omega Fatty Acids

7-CBS NEWS - Memory Loss

8-Monroe Street Medical - Glycation

Many symptoms here that fit into the same catergory as the bees' symptoms in CCD. Memory loss, erratic behavior, loss of acuity, retinal damage and more are comparable. As we dive further in, we begin to discuss the process of a non-enzymatic reaction, (meaning the body did not facilitate the reaction but the reaction was caused by an increased presence of sugar). The name of this chemical process is called glycation. Sugar will chemically bind to a protein and damage to the protein occurs. A secondary reaction follows it called "cross linking" where bonds between glycated proteins form and the proteins are then further damaged which can be hinder its function. This damage, as in diabetics, over the retina can lead to blindness. In the brain this damage can lead to memory loss and Alzheimers.

Glycation damage and how it works

We will look at the basic chemical process and see for ourselves the attachment of a glucose molecule to a protein as demonstrated in glycation.

1-American Federation for Aging Research

2- Chem4kids.com - amino acids

3-Chem4kids.com carbs

4-(JASN) - glycation

5-Wikepedia - Cross-link

6-JBC - Nonenzymatic

7-Dr. A Gugliucci M.D. Ph.D- Glycation

If you have been following the links, you saw that the sugar molecule binds to the amino acid of the protein and alters its chemical structure. The secondary cross linking further fixates and damages the protein who many are saying define the ageing process. Yet, the point here is protein damage and permanent alteration, leading to destruction of the protein function. The other point here is that fructose in soda has 10 times the glycation damage rate as regular sugar.

Types of Damage from advanced glycation end products

1-Nova Publishers - Book - Glycation

2-(JCI) Advanced Glycation

3-Science Direct - Alzheimers

4-Colombia Univ Press - Book - Brain

5- Alive.com - Immune Sys Damage

As we can see the bee's symptomology is very similar to these symptoms due to glycation which includes immune system and neural damage. Yet, it is very possible that the immune damage and other symptomology may also be directly related to the sugar substitutes. Here is a N.Y. times article linking diet soda to the metabolic syndrome, the stage just before the diabetes diagnosis.

3. The sugar substitutes

Saccharin (sweet and low), aspartame (equal, NutraSweet), and sucralose (splenda)

Right off the bat, you'll notice a similar comparison of chemical structure between guanine and adenine which are two of the four main nucleotides in the stairs of DNA. Since saccharin has been proven to cause urinary bladder cancer, it is not difficult to imagine how these molecules as they are being concentrated and eliminated in the urine that the saccharin molecules potentially could slip into guanine's spot of the DNA sequence during DNA duplication when the DNA opens up the double helix and looks for nucleotide partners.

Mutations and cancers starting from a replacement molecule slipping into the DNA molecule is well understood by scientists dealing with cancers and toxicology

Here are some documented problems related to saccharin:

1 Saccharin: The Negative Side Medicine Net.com

2 Bladder Cancer found in rodents Pub Med Central

3 Dna damage as a result of saccharin usage

Some do not think saccharin is that bad when compared to the other two sweeteners it probably is the least damaging.

Here are a couple of links on just that.

1 Benefits of saccharin Calorie Control .org

2 Saccarin's side of the story Saccharin.org

3 Saccharin delisted as a carcinogen


Now let's take a look at Aspartame, its history, its use, and its problems.

1 The truth about Aspartame (video) Dr. Blaylock

2 The dipeptide chemical structure of Aspartame

3 The bumpy history of Aspartame Former FDA Investigator

4 Aspartame is found neurotoxic

5 Chart of Aspartame symptoms submitted to FDA

6 FDA report on Aspartame

7 DNA damage and brain tumors from Aspartame

8 Wood Alcohol found in Aspartame

9 Chris Gupta - Aspartame News Reports

10 Animals - Cancer Resear Center pdf

 

11 Aspartame And Fibromayalgia

immunesupport.com

12. Letter to FDA Organic Consumers Assc

Two great videos on Aspartame

1 Fox News Report - think of the bees

2 Sweet Misery A poisoned world

 

Many neurological problems arise to include brain tumors, memory loss, seizures, and other forms of ocurring neurological damage in man and animals using aspartame, let alone what has been going on inside the bee. Although research reveals that insects don't usually go for aspartame alone, sucralose is less distinguishable because it is an isomer of sugar. Insects are more apt to be attracted to a diet drink with aspartame when it is diluted and another sugar derivative is present in the drink. ei. lemon, lime, cherry, or actual sugar. The damage caused by it appears many times greater in scale than what was actually caused by saccharin, now, turn the page to the next culprit and look closely. Seems like man is losing his sensitivity to doing good onto others and looking out for their well being, and instead focused more on what monetary gain these products can bring them.

When we look at Splenda or sucralose as its chemical name we immediately run into a huge dilemma. The dilemma is this; while it is hundredths of times sweeter than sugar, touted as having come from sugar, tasting like sugar, and promoted by telling us that "it is not absorbed by the body but passes through the body", we get an initial picture of a wonderful product that is allegedly great for diabetics and the general population. Yet, when we probe into its chemical structure and history we begin to have an uneasy feeling in the pits of our stomachs as we are horrified to learn what is really going on. When we start to extrapolate this information over and into the bee's problem of CCD, it is easy to just shake our heads in shame and sadness at to what we have unintentionally done.

Let's start by examining a few links about the structure and history of sucralose.

1 Splenda toxicity (video) Dr. Mercola

2 Splenda's history of use by Splenda

3 Molecular structure of Sucralose (notice Chlorines)

4 Sucralose is a chloro carbon Caring Medical.com

5 Splenda does get absorbed in body

6 Slenda Silences Critics Sepp Hasslberger

7. How chlorine can be harmful and why.

.

 

To be fair with Spenda, when we look at the comparison chemical structure of sucralose with sucrose (above link # 3), we can see that many of the carbons that are not bonded to chlorine, are bonded to an oxygen and a hydrogen group called a hydroxyl group. These hydroxyl groups help to stabilize the sucralose molecule and allow it to have somewhat of a dissolving capability with water and perhaps increases its chances for biodegradability. Unfortunately, however, as a molecule it still has the three covalently bonded chlorines attached to it, and it lacks the research studies to show the potential long range effects that it might have on people.

 

Although it is hotly debated whether sucralose was initially being developed for use as an insecticide, there is no doubt that as a chlorinated sugar molecule it belongs in the same family. Many believe the original purpose and target agenda for sucralose was its use as a pesticide and what a wonderful pesticide it would be! The reason: Not only would it get its job done as an organochlorine, but it would also draw the insect to itself being a similar molecule. The targeted insect would find it difficult to detect and avoid this gift of a sweet Trojan horse. However, this product was developed as an artificial sweetener, and has become a replacement for NutraSweet due to its neurotoxicity.

 


 

Yet it is still in the chemical family of

organochlorines. Let's look a few organochlorines that have been used as pesticides.


1 Are organochlorines dangerous?

2 Persistant organic pollutants
3 Organo chlorines as pesticides

 

(3)Bee Life Cycle - Hila Science Videos

The Basis for

Glycation-Erasion Theory

 

The first step to understanding any problem is to break it into pieces and look at the essential facts and patterns.

1. We know that the bees go out and somehow lose their way by either not remembering or succumbing to some disease or plight or event that prevents them from returning.

2. Causes thus far postulated have (4)been pesticides (video), viruses, cell phone use, global climate changes, a change in the earth's electromagnetic field, mites, or even sunspots. Here we set up some links so as to observe these postulations yourself.

3. Bees left in the colony usually show different disease states that suggest something is making an attack on their (5) immune system.

4. Dead bees are not being found around the hives. This fact rules out animals or other external intruders except for disease.

Here is a great 60 minutes short documentary that generally says it all.

(6)1, 2

Now that we have listed the basic beliefs as to what CCD is caused by, let us probe into this ourselves and perhaps find the probable cause.

Upon examining all of the possible causes, newly developed pesticides appear to be the on top of the list, but the problem with this is that they are not finding evidence of pesticides in the bees tested, or in the hives they left behind, which is quite perplexing to the scientists. Even though the predominating belief of the experts is pesticides, the evidence left behind does not support that.

What if the real cause is similar to the effects of pesticides, or in fact, be made more potent by the pesticides? What if the problem is so well disguised that it would very far-fetched at first? What if the honey produced by the bees is actually is at the root of the problem?

What this could mean is, that the evidence now points to the possibility of refined sugar and its artificial counterparts in the world of sweeteners, that saccharin, aspartame, and sucralose are the hidden culprits and cause. When looking closely at this possibility, medical evidence suggests bees, like humans, are being put on sugar overload. Yet, one would say; "hey, the bees make honey for their winter food, so, what’s the difference?" The difference here can be a whole lot of things; Keep in mind the nectar collected by the bees contains a milder sugar than honey. The bees concentrate it for their own purposes, for using later. Honey contains different sugars in the form of fructose, glucose, and others at a higher concentration than nectar.

 

Observing honey bees, we find them in a variety of places, not just around flowers and plants. We see them buzzing around fast food joints, grocery stores, and gas stations, clamoring and scrambling for their next soda fix. It seems like they are always attracted to someone's drink or sugary snack. They circle trash bins containing discarded sodas which are loaded with high-fructose, and diet sweeteners, primarily saccharin, aspartame, and sucralose. (Sweet and Low, Equal, and Splenda) In addition, sodas are also loaded with many other preservatives, chemicals, and dyes that could also contribute to the problem.

Bees are generally attracted by colors, shapes, and aromas. They don't always get it right, some get attracted to paints only to get caught up and get stuck in them. Many pest control strategies, like the roach motel, for instance, will use sugar sweet aromas to lure their victims to their own demise. Some will mix sugar + water + pesticide to lure insects into drinking the deadly mixture.

Since the 1950s refined sugars, processed foods, fast-foods, and soda industries, have popped up all over the world to promote their great tasting delights for our consumption and enjoyment. Just like the detrimental effects of smoking, when many people were unwittingly afflicted with cancers; so too now, we are starting to see the cumulative and debilitating affects of diabetes and obesity hitting the U.S. and other countries. The long term effects from the consumption of sugars and sweeteners on the general population, including children is taking its toll. The associated diabetic disease patterns, such as Alzheimer, heart attack, poor circulation, dementia, and other neuropathies, seem to manifest more quickly than before.

Physicians are seeing a rise in childhood diabetes. Statistics show it is likely that (7)30% of children studied will develop type II diabetes, while they are still young!

So, as we observe the hidden or slow moving damage being caused to humans by this onslaught of refined sugars, and their substitutes, what do we suppose could be happening to the world's population of honeybees? Remember, we have run into them time and time again, in places where they can get their sugar fix, as opposed to obtaining their sugar resource from the more natural but diluted nectar sources normally used to make honey.

"How can bee have a 'sugar fix'?" You say. Yes, we mean, "sugar fix"! Like so many people find themselves doing, almost as if they were addicted, they consume gobs of sugar products. The brain of a bee is so much smaller than a child's brain. Children obviously get a sugar rush, when they have their cookies, cokes, and other sweet snacks. Here is a short video clip demonstrating the effects of such. So what do we think is going on in the brain of the bee? Imagine what its like when the little bee takes out his little proboscis straw and then begins to suck it all in to its honey-making stomach, all of that fructose, preservative, and the artificial sweeteners coming right in.

Now imagine it on a human sized level and this is what you get. You are diving into a sugary pool of your favorite soda float with one-foot pieces of your favorite toppings, this giant pool of liquefied pleasure all of it there for you to eat and drink. Let's imagine your favorite dessert was carrot cake and chocolate brownie sundae ice cream with hot fudge and nuts. Mmmmm. sounds good, doesn't it? And you’re swimming in it, it is there and you could have as much as you want for however long you want. How much time would you be able to savor all that intensity of great taste, before the detrimental effects of so much sugar intake would cause you to get sick? Now, what do you think the long term affects of this very same high intensity sugar consumption be on a tiny bee's brain?

The first thought would be a literal high, almost like a high from a drug. (A bee getting a buzz?) Even though bees are used to the sugar intensity of honey for winter when there are no flowers to collect nectar from. They then return to the hive, do their little dance, (9)communicate locations to other worker bees. These high intesity sugars, subtitutes and preservatives get transferred into a derivative sugar where it is used to produce honey in the honey comb as well as becoming a primary food for eggs, larvae, and about to be born adult bees.

High intensity sugars, substitutes and preservatives being processed through the hive again and again and again. Some might say, "so what's the problem? The bees are used to intense sugar in the honey." "Yes they are, but only after concentrating it by removing the water from the nectar sugar, which is at 70-80%." In the process it starts out in its original state, and then the bees dry it by the beating of their wings. Yet now, we have a situation where they are getting their high dose sugars and sugar substitutes all the time, even without the concentration and the waiting for winter. Wow! That’s a lot of high octane fuel to be running on, all the time, in their little bodies and brains.

To make this a more plausible cause, let's observe the damage that occurs to the bees and hives. A spontaneous chemical process in our human bodies, (10) glycation, begins with one's continuous and consistent loading up with sugar. Specifically, glycation is a reaction that takes place between sugar molecules and proteins.

What happens in general is that the overload of sugar present in humans, in diabetes for instance, will cause a reaction between the sugar and the protein. It is primarily due to an abundant presence of sugar. Doctors can monitor a diabetic's progress in fighting sugar diabetes through a test called the Hemoglobin A1C. If there is abundant sugar present, the A1C will be high. This is a measure of glycated protein.

With a normal A1C value, the doctor knows the patient is improving. This process slowly measures the levels of glycated sugar in the proteins, as opposed to immediate measurement of the patient's blood sugar. The blood sugar reveals what’s happening now, the A1C reveals what has been happening over the last few months. So a diabetic patient cannot tell the Doctor he's been good with his diet with the blood sugar value alone, the A1C test reaveal the rest.

The full story here about glycation is that it is not a good reaction in the human body. This reaction causes slow body damage and ageing in the same way as free radicals and oxidative stresses do. Glycation first damages the intact proteins, the secondary reaction is called the "cross linking" of proteins.

(Fructose, the main sugar in soda, has the ability to glycate 10 times as fast as regular sugar does.) This means that little chemical bridges form in between the proteins and thus further alters, damages, and changes the proteins. In many cases this damage is very significant as there can be a loss of structure, function, and even the dying of cells.

So not only can people get addicted, get a very intense sugar buzz or rush, which in itself could be life threatening, the slower process of glycation can bring on blindness, affect the immune system, affect thinking, memory, up to and including Alzheimer-like symptoms, dementia, and other forms of neural damage, including death. Dementia is a condition that can occur with too much damage to the human brain by disease and the final stages of Diabetes.

Remember the reports: first the bees seem disoriented, later, they disappear. Comparitive studies with bees and humans show the symptoms match. Loss of memory, erratic behavior, and inability to find the hive, loss of direction, immune problems, and death, are alike. The suppressed immune system would allow also the invasion of opportunistic pathogens (bacteria, parasites, and viruses) the opportunity to take over. Yet, the root cause could be first and foremost the refined sugar, sugar substitutes, and the preservatives consumed.

 

Now I can only imagine the potential chemical problems preservatives in sodas, and processed foods could bring upon the bees over time. There is scientific study that the damage could have been brought upon the bees through consumption of saccharin, aspartame, and sucralose alone. Interestingly enough, the decline of the bees over the past 50-60 years follows a similar timeline to the introduction of processed sugars and sugar substitutes on the market. For example, the bees took a big drop in numbers when Splenda and surcralose were introduced in 2000, - just 8 years ago. Saccharin came on board in the 1960's and Aspartame in the 1980's.

Are these just coincidences or direct connections?

Please note: As a researcher, I am not just guessing about these things, I will present scientific studies which have not previously associated with Collony Collapse Disorder. We cannot afford to be complacent about these connections. Pollination by bees produce the very vegetables and fruit we eat. It is a catastrophe that could cause more than just an annoying inconvenience of higher prices and a significant shortage of staples.

Albert Einstein estimated that if we ever had a complete loss of the bees or pollinators, the human race would only be able to survive four years.

Does that sound like an uncomfortable problem, or do we need to act like the house is burning down? Is this a "we might become extinct" kind of problem? As qouted in a news story at a Fort Collins Public Web Page Beth Conray, of the Northern Colorado Beekeeper's Association said, "If last years losses continue, honey bees will be extinct by 2035." While that dates seems the far off into the future, our journey there is not going to be a smooth one if bees continue their decline. As you can see, we really need to get to the bottom of this one fast.

The latest in the most recent line up of suspects appearing on the PBS "Nature" website is the IAPV or Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus which is currently is being investigated by a team of scientist in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Penn State, and Columbia University. Whether that is a proximate cause or just another opportunistic pathogen remains to be seen. We encourage the scientists to review this and the other theories presented here as as we go on a quest to save our bees.

 

How the (1) bee makes honey!

(2) Pollination basics

(3) Bee Biology

 

 

The science behind

Glycation-Erasion Theory

Presenting the Evidence

We have stated a plausible and probable cause, but now we will support the theory with scientific evidence, and correlated with disease evidence involving sugar and artificial sweeteners. We will examine existing symptoms of dwindling bee populations and connect the dots between documented disease research with the bee symptomology.

More empirical research is needed before one can say that this is, in fact, the cause. More specific research needs to be carried out to prove this theory.

1. The first thing we need to do is compare the size of the human brain and the bee's brain, looking at the chemical processes involved in mental acuity and immunity. What we find is a bee brain containing only a small number of neurons as opposed to the amount found in (3) human brain and neuron material. We must also look at a hot new subject in research called neuro-peptides in bees. (4)(Neuropeptides are mini-proteins that act as neuro-transmitters and hormones in the bee and other animals.)

Here are a few significant links and research on the matter. ( Please follow the links here and on the left column in sequential order so you can see the plausible connections for yourselves.)

A. General information on the bee

1-Reuters: CCD -How Stuff Works

2-OK Sate: Tracking Pollination

3-Beeswax- How bees make honey,

4-National Geographic-Bee Genome

5-Steve Sullan- honey composition

6-Science Daily- On honey bee decline

7-Physorg.com - Bee brain power

8-Internet Bee Photo - Close up Biology

9-Internet Bee Photo - Close up of the head

   


B. Bee intelligence

1-SETIAI -Neuroscience - bee brain

2-Journal of Exp Bio - bee memory

3-NC State University - bee dance pdf

 

C. Neuropeptides - function in bee

1-Biosingularity - blog

2-Popular Mechanics - genes / behavior

3-Wiley Interscience - neuropeptide

4-MIT Press - Book - immune sys

5-Birkhauser -Online Book -retina

6-Williams College - Endorphines

7-Wikipedia - Neurotransmitter

 

2. Next, some links and research on sugar, diabetes, and the damage it can cause in humans and animals. The reason for this is to show the disease states that are presenting themselves due to the increase of sugar, fructose, and sugar substitute consumption among Americans and people worldwide during the last 50 to 60 years.

A. General understanding and spin-off of Diabetes and sugar

1-Global Healing Center - Sugar Toxicity

2-Virtual Chembook - Carbohydrate Types

3-Public - carbohydrate molecular formula

4-About.com - Diabetes introduction

5-Diabetes Video Explanation

 

6-University of California Video - UCSD

( For those who wish to study the causes of Diabetes more in-dept: In this 45 minute video, Jerold Olefsky, M.D., UCSD Department of Medicine discusses new strategies for diabetes prevention.)

4. Dioxin's lingering effects in Vietnam War

Symptoms from organochlorines